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Cardiovascular System Problems |
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1. A 68 year old man complains of pain that radiates down the left upper limb whenever he walks for a long distance.
On examination, there are no significant findings.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these conditions.
2. A 53 year old lady developed pain the upper part of left arm radiating down the limb while taking rest after lunch. She still complains of pain while being admitted in the A&E dept.
On examination, pulse is 100 per minute and BP is 120/80 mmHg. Cardiovascular system examination is normal.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these conditions.
3. A 48 year old man has sudden onset of severe chest pain in the retrosternal region while jogging. He is brought to the hospital within 30 minutes. He is in severe pain, very anxious and sweating.
On examination pulse rate is 120 per minute, BP is 90/70 mmHg and there is S3 heard with a pansystolic murmur at the apex.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these clinicals signs and conditions.
4. A 26 yr old man, under built for his age is admitted for evaluation of cyanosis and clubbing of digits. His mother reports that right from childbirth throughout his childhood he was miserable with recurrent cyanotic spells.
On examination, RS is normal. There is an ejection systolic murmur in the pulmonary area.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these conditions.
5. A 16 year old male presents with multiple joint pain for the last 3 days. He says his right ankle was swollen yesterday, but on examination it is normal now, but the right wrist has tenderness on movement.
He is afebrile at present but his pulse is 130 per minute. Left elbow joint is swollen and tender. There are no significant findings on CVS examination.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these conditions.
6. A 21 yr old student has been having exercise intolerance for 4 months. Recently he has noticed breathlessness while participating during college sports. Of late he finds himself unfit for sports. Bronchodilators have not helped him. A week ago he woke up at night with a feeling of suffocation, which subsided over 20 minutes. He is experiencing similar sleepless nights for the last 3 days.
What are your differential diagnoses?
Explain the pathophysiology of these conditions.
7. A 35 year old man has presented with history of pedal edema for last 8 days. He is a known patient of diabetes mellitus and COPD.
On examination, his pulse is 100 per minute and JVP is elevated.
What is your diagnosis?
What are the abnormalities that you expect on cardiovascular examination in this patient?
8. A 65 year old man has developed exertional breathlessness for last 3 days. He is a known hypertensive on medications who is not sure about the status of his hypertension control.
His pulse rate is 98 per minute and BP is 160/96 mmHg. There are fine crackles on respiratory examination.
What is your diagnosis?
What are the abnormalities that you expect on cardiovascular examination in this patient?
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