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Other adventitious sounds:
Rhonchi
Rhonchi are low pitched, continous, musical sounds that are similar to wheezes. They usually imply obstruction of a slightly larger airway by secretions. They are often also described as the "coarse rattling sound somewhat like snoring,
usually caused by secretion in bronchial airways". Rhonchi is the
plural form of the singular word 'rhonchus'.
However, this term is also used as a synonym for wheezes.
Rales
This is an obsolete term, used as a synonym for crackles, especially coarse crackles. It is pronounced as 'raahls'.
Stridor
Stridor is an inspiratory noisy sound heard loudest over the trachea during inspiration.
Stridor is indicative of an obstructed trachea or larynx and is therefore a medical emergency that demands immediate attention.
Pleural Rub
Pleural rubs are creaking sounds produced when the pleural surfaces are inflammed or roughened and rub against each other. It is produced due to friction between the two surfaces. They may be discontinuous or continuous sounds. They can usually be localized to a particular place on the chest wall and are heard during both the inspiratory and expiratory phases.
Causes:
- pleuritis
- sometimes in pleural effusion, above the level of fluid
- pneumothorax
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